Electricity

Teaching electricity gently to children

When elementary school students asked me what to do with electricity, I thought about how to explain it.

First of all, I think it's good to explain using something that is familiar to you.

It may be good to get a bulb experimental on it.

Components required:

1.   Battery (source of electricity)
2.  Connection wires
3.  Bulb
4.  Switch (for control the bulb on/of function)

The circuit diagram is as follows.

Circuit Diagram

Batteries are used to store electricity.

A light bulb that emits light when electricity is applied.

Wires are used for connection between a battery and a bulb.

Switch is something that turns on and off electricity. If the person you are explaining is small, it is good to show that the bulb illuminates and disappears by turning it on and off. Think about what's happening together, when you turn it on, you'll be able to see that something is flowing through the wire as the bulb glows. I will explain what this something is flowing, this is called "current". I will explain that there is a copper wire and current flows through the copper wire. For the batteries used here, the terminal with the protrusion is called "plus" and the flat one is called "minus".

Electricity goes out of "plus" and flows in "minus". Batteries must have enough power to pass electricity. This size is called "voltage". Normally, 

it is written as 1.5 V (V) for dry batteries. The brightness of the bulb becomes brighter when two batteries are connected in series.

I think it's pretty understandable if you talk about the above.   Origin of electricity:

Around 600 BC, a Greek man named Thales discovered that static electricity, which is what we call now, attracts things because amber can be quickly dusted with cloth.

This ability to attract things was called "electron" in Greek, which means amber.

This became the origin of the word "electricity".

Abrasion electricity and lightning electricity also existed before they were called electricity, but their identity was unknown.

People named such mysterious power "electricity."

Franklin identified lightning as electricity and discovered that there was positive and negative electricity.

What do you think of electricity?

 Think of dry batteries, or the 220V electricity that comes into your household outlet?

Batteries are called direct current.

The electricity that comes to your home is AC.

● DC

DC is generally represented by what is called a battery.

It is a constant voltage that will become weaker over time, but the positive and negative directions will not change.

The flow of electricity is called current, but if the current is direct current, the electricity generated from the plus will flow toward the minus.

However, if we consider this back to the size of an atom, we find that electricity is a flow of electrons with negative electricity.

This electron flow is opposite to the direction of current flow.

The reason for this is that the electron was revealed after the direction of the electric current was defined.

● AC

There is a frequency in alternating current.

The thing that changes positively and negatively alternately is the one that changes 50 times per second is 50Hz, and the one that changes 60 times per second is called 60HZ.

Hz is called (Hertz). There was a time when used to write it as   C / S (cycle), but it was switched to Hz in the 1970s.

By the way, HZ (Hertz) is the name of a German physicist and is named after Heinrich Hertz.

● Discovery of electrons

It was discovered in the early 18th century (early 1700s) that electricity had a plus and a minus.

On the other hand, the electron was discovered around the end of the 19th century (around the end of the 1800s), about 200 years after the plus and minus of electricity were discovered.

This concludes the explanation of "Teaching Electricity to Children."